Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: Diagnosis and Treatment
نویسنده
چکیده
The last decade has witnessed rapid developments in the clinical understanding and scienti fi c foundati on of neuromyeliti s opti ca (NMO). The landmark events were the late 19th century report by Devic and Gault describing the associati on of severe acute transverse myeliti s and opti c neuriti s and the late 20th century discovery that the syndrome was associated with a specifi c autoanti body, NMO-IgG, that targets the water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4).1 Between these events, there were numerous case series suggesti ng that the disorder usually followed a relapsing course (rather than being monophasic) and pathological studies, which were limited to technology of the ti me, revealed infl ammatory demyelinati ng lesions of the opti c nerve and spinal cord with sparing of the brain. There was ongoing debate about the relati onship between NMO and multi ple sclerosis (MS), the prototypic and relati vely common (one per thousand populati on) but whether NMO was disti nct or simply a subset of MS was not resolvable with the available science.
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O 14: Differentiating Demyelinating Disorders of the Central Nervous System – a Focus on Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis-Optica Spectrum Disorders
Significant advances have been made in diagnosis and therapy of demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system. The most common entities of this disorders in adults – multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica were initially thought to be different phenotypes of more or less the same disease. During the last ten years, this view was subsequently changed and the term neuromyelitis ...
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[Diagnosis and treatment of neuromyelitis optica].
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease characterized by antibodies against aquaporin-4 in up to 80% of the cases and even less in the NMO spectrum disorders, which may be difficult to distinguish from early multiple sclerosis. While immunosuppressive therapy should be introduced in definite NMO, treatment strategies of NMO spectrum disorders are less clearly defined...
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